Frank m



UNrTi-Ln STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK M. GRAY, OF MILWAUKEE, VISCONSIN.

WELL-REAMER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 310,270, dated January 6, 1885.

(No model.)

.To (LZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK M. GRAY, acitizen of the United States, residing at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State of Tisconsiahave invented certain new and useful Improvementsin VVell-Reamers; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which forma part of this specification.

In boring Artesian wells through certain loose formations it often becomes necessary to insert tubing to preventthe loose matter from closing in and iilling the well.

The object of my invention is, first, to provide means for continuing the bore of the well of the same diameter below the tubing thus inserted as that above the tubing, and to do such work with a rigid tool of such dimensions as may be readily inserted and withdrawn through the tube; second, to change the capacity of a given drill, so that it will bore wells of various diameters greater than that of the well-tubing through which it is inserted 5 and, third, to provide means when prospecting for minerals for bringing to the surface samples of the various strata or ores through which the drill passes.

My invention is further explained by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 represents a vertical section of the drill as it appears in awell when in the act of enlarging the opening below the tubing, also the well, the well-tubing through which the drill has passed, and the surrounding strata. Figs. 2 and 3 are details. Fig. 4 is a detail, part in section, showing adevice for adapting the same drill for wells of greater diameter.

Like parts are referred to by the same reference-letters throughout the several views.

A represents the shaft by which the drill is operated.

B is the drill, which consists of the screwcut shank C, the eccentric-arm and point D, and the central guide, E.

F represents a section of tubing, such as is used to prevent the surrounding earth G falling in and closing the well. The diameter of the tube F, inside measure, is but slightly larger than the greatest diameter of the drillshank at B, sufficient space being allowed for inserting and withdrawing the drill.

It is obvious that in order to sink the tube i farther it becomes necessary to continue the bore the same diameter below the tube that it is above, and of such dimensions that the tube will readily follow after the drill. To accomplish this object, Ifirst bore a small hole, H, with an ordinary small drill, at the center of the well,in advance of thelarge drill,for the reception of the central guide,E. The central guide, E, may or may not be provided with a drill,l,as desired. The small drill being withdrawn from the well, the large drill shown is inserted,\vhen the guide E enters the hole H, as indicated. As the guide E enters the hole H the eccentric-arm D is thrown one side of the center and beneath one side of the tube.

The drilling is accomplished by my device by raising and dropping the drill, and with each upward movement of the drill it is turned slightly, so as to bring the point of contact of the drill asA it drops in a new place, whereby a cylindrical bore is formed. It is now obvious that as the drill rotates during the process of drilling the point D at its outer edge will describe a circle and drill an opening as much greater in diameter than that of the interior of the pipe as the circle described by it is greater than the exterior of the pipe, whereby said opening willreadily permit the pipe F to follow. The central guide, E, is secured to the shank B by screw-and-socket joint T. If desired, however, the guide E may be permanently affixed to the shank, and the arm D may be detachably secured to it. Vhen the point of the guide E is provided with a drillpoint, I, it is attached to the guide by a screwjoint, K, as shown.

XVhen using the drill in prospecting for minerals, I preferably use a tubular guide, E', as shown in Fig. 2, which is provided with an aperture, L, located slightly below the point D of the drill, through which aperture specimens of the ore or other substances through which the drill passes falls into the tube, when, as the drill is elevated,they are brought to the surface. When desirous to bore a well of greater diameter, I attach a tubular casing, M, eccentrically to the shank E by the eccentric collars N N, as shown in Fig. 4, the eccen- IOO ` tric side of the casing being arranged upon scribe a still greater circle, and consequently to bore a hole of greater diameter proportionate to the eccentricity of the case.

As a means of protecting the guide E from wear when doing ordinary drilling, I substitute the tubular casing O (shown in Fig. 3) for the eccentric casing or sheath lll, which is retained in place by the collars l? l?. The lower collar, l?, is secured to the guide by a screwcut thread, a, and the upper collar may be keyed or otherwise securely affixed in any ordinary way. Then the eccentric case M is used,theeccentrie collars N N are heldin place ,by said collars l? P. f Shown both in Figs. 8

and 4.)

Having thus described my invention, what l claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a reciprocating drop-drill, the combination,with the drill-shaft A, of the shank B, having a blunt eccentric-arm provided at its lower end with a cutting-point, D, by which the hole is enlarged below the tubing, and a central guide-shaft, E, serving, as it operates in the leadopening,to hold said cutting-point at a uniform distance from the central hole,

whereby said point will drill a hole of greater diameter than the tubing, substantially as set l forth. 2. The combination of shaft A,shank B,hav l ing eccentric-arm and eutting-pointD,with the i detachable tubular shank F, provided with l apertures L, substantially as and for the pur` l pose specified. l 3. The combination. of the shaft A, shank l B, having eccentric arm. and point D, ccni tral guide-shaft, E, tubular casing O, and retainingcollars l l), asset forth. Y I 4L. The combination of shaftA, shank B,havl ing eccentric-arm and point D, central guide- I shaft, E, eccentrically-arranged casing M, ee-

eentric colla-rs N N, and retaining-collars I I), as set forth. l The combination ofthe shaft A, shank B, i having blunt eccentric-arm provided at its lower end with a cutting-point, central guide, E, and drill-point l', attached to the lower end l of said central guide E, substantially as set forth. Y

ln testimony whereof l affix niy signature in presence of two witnesses.

XVitnesses: FRANK M. GRAY.

Jas. B. ERwIN, C. T. BnNEDio'r. 

